Bottom Up-Sharia Formalization in Indonesia’s Nation State

The Challenges Facing State-Nation-Building in Israel

Completing the nation-building process for survival is one of the challenges that the Zionist regime has always faced. This regime has based its existence on a specific and complex identity that, at first glance, can be a strong point for the survival and formation of a society, but the specific characteristics of this identity based on race and population inequality, for This has posed some ch...

Bottom-up Economic Development and the Role of the State

Bottom-up Game Studies

In this paper, we endorse and advance an emerging bottomup approach to game studies that utilizes techniques from natural language processing. Our contribution is threefold: we present the first complete review of the growing body of work through which this methodology has been innovated; we present a latent semantic analysis model that constitutes the first application of this fundamental bott...

Bottom-Up Argumentation

Online social platforms, e-commerce sites and technical fora support the unfolding of informal exchanges, e.g. debates or discussions, that may be topic-driven or serendipitous. We outline a methodology for analysing these exchanges in computational argumentation terms, thus allowing a formal assessment of the dialectical validity of the positions debated in or emerging from the exchanges. Our ...

Bottom-Up Earley Deduction

We propose a bottom-up variant of Earley deduction. Bottom-up deduction is preferable to top-down deduction because it allows incrementai processing (even for head-driven grammars), it is data-driven, no subsumption check is needed, and preference values attached to lexical items can be used to guide best-first search. We discuss the scanning step for bottom-up Earley deduction and indexing sch...